Blue Screen (BSOD) Error Guides

A blue screen is Windows stopping itself on purpose: the kernel detected a condition it could not recover from safely, so it halted, showed a stop code and, in most configurations, wrote a memory dump. That stop code is the most useful clue you have. IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL and DRIVER_POWER_STATE_FAILURE usually point at drivers, MEMORY_MANAGEMENT and PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA at RAM or at a driver corrupting memory, WHEA_UNCORRECTABLE_ERROR at a hardware fault reported by the processor, and KERNEL_DATA_INPAGE_ERROR at the storage path.

Each guide here covers one stop code: what it means, how to read the matching minidump or Event Viewer entry, and the fixes in a sensible order, from driver rollback or update to memory and disk diagnostics and system file repair. If all you remember is that the screen turned blue, start with the general blue screen guide and the reliability history it explains.

When the crash keeps coming back and the dump points at something you cannot change yourself, a technician can analyse the dump files remotely and fix the cause.